Professor Katherine Kiel’s article is a good survey of
the relatively thin academic literature
on this subject. The literature focuses chiefly on the costs
of the land inputs to housing
development. The studies attempt to link environmental regulations
with changes in the
supply of available land and hence to changes in costs. Studies
try to measure changes in
per-acre land costs, changes in house sale prices, or foregone
amenity values from housing
units not built in restricted areas. Interestingly, the collected
studies do not address
affordable housing separately from other segments of the housing
markets examined.
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