3
 Comparing Currently with Formerly Homeless
 Clients and Other Service Users

History of Homelessness

Currently and formerly homeless clients were asked about their experiences with homelessness, including how many times they had been homeless, the length of their current homeless episode (if homeless now), and the length of the most recent completed episode of homelessness (for formerly homeless clients and currently homeless clients who have been homeless more than once). Results are shown in table 3.9.

Table 3.9
Number and Length of Homeless Periods, by Homeless Status
  Currently Homeless Clients
(N=2938)
Formerly Homeless Clients
(N=677)
Number of Times Homeless for 30 Days or More
1 49(%) 40(%)
2 17 26
3 12 12
4-10 18 15
11 or more 4 6
     
Length of Current Period of Homelessness
< 1 week 5 Not
>= 1 week and < 1 month 8 Applicable
1-3 months 15  
4-6 months 11  
7-12 months 15  
13-24 months 16  
25-60 months 10  
5 or more years 20  
     
Spell History and Current Spell Length
First time homeless    
6 months or less 18 Not
more than 6 months 21 Applicable
Not first time homeless    
4-6 months 15 13
7-12 months 20 21
13-24 months 9 7
25-60 months 5 7
5 or more years 7 8

Source: Urban Institute analysis of weighted 1996 NSHAPC client data.
Note: Numbers do not sum to 100 percent due to rounding.


Currently homeless clients are more likely than those who are formerly homeless to have had only one homeless episode (49 versus 40 percent). Similar proportions of currently and formerly homeless clients (22 and 21 percent) have been homeless four or more times (figure 3.10).

Figure 3.10

Twenty-eight percent of currently homeless clients have been homeless during their present spell for three months or less, while 30 percent have been homeless for two years or more. There are no differences between formerly homeless clients and those among the currently homeless who have had more than one spell regarding the length of their most recent completed spell. The most frequently mentioned spell length was between one and three months (33 and 30 percent, respectively). The next most frequently mentioned category was episodes of 7 to 12 months, indicated by 21 and 20 percent. Relatively few clients reported completing episodes of two years or more (15 and 12 percent).


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Homelessness: Programs and the People They ServeDecember 1999